Column chromatography is the ideal method of chromatography for purification and separation. It is a technique in which the stationary phase is solid adsorbents like silica gel and activated alumina powder, and the mobile phase is a liquid. The principle of active compound separation depends on the activity of adsorbents and the polarity of the solvent. If the solvent’s polarity is very low and the adsorbent activity is strong and high, the separation of the compound is good. On the other hand, if the solvent’s polarity is very high and the activity of adsorbents is high, it gives poor results of compound separation. It means purification and isolation of compounds are not 100% pure.
The column chromatography process is the oldest and the most common technique for separating complex mixtures packed in a column. Chromatography is a technology by which its components separate a mixture of chemicals between two phases, like stationary phase, which remains fixed in place using two adsorbents such as silica gel and activated alumina. In contrast, the mobile phase is another method that is slowly movable and flows down through the column by either gravitational or external pressure into the column. The Stationary phase may be solid or liquid, and the mobile phase is always in solid-liquid foam using different solvents.
Parameters | Values | |||||
Size in Mesh | 30-70 | 60-120 | 60-200 | 70-230 | 100-200 | 230-400 |
Unit in miconrs (µm) | 210-500 | 125-250 | 74-250 | 63-210 | 74-149 | 40-63 |
Ph (10% aqueous solution) | 7±0.5 | 7±0.5 | 7±0.5 | 7±0.5 | 7±0.5 | 7±0.5 |
Assay as SiO2 | Min 97% | Min 97% | 97.98% | 97-98.3% | 97-98.3% | 97-99.5% |
Particle Size above + | 5% | 5% | 5% | 5% | 5% | 5% |
In Between | 85% | 85% | 85% | 80% | 80% | 70% |
Below – | -10% | -10% | -10% | -15% | -15% | -25% |
Pore Diameter-A | 40-55 A | 40-60 A | 40-60 A | 40-60 A | 40-60 A | 55-60 A |
Surface Area [m2/gm] | 350-450 | 350-450 | 350-450 | 350-550 | 350-550 | 450-650 |
LOI Loss on Ignition | <9.5% | <9.0% | <8.5% | <8.5% | <8.5% | <8.5% |
Moisture Content % | <7.00 | <6.00 | <5.00 | <5.00 | <6.00 | <5.00 |